TMD and the problem of bruxism. A review - Bruxism (Teeth Grinding)

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TMD and the problem of bruxism. A review
Received 3 August 2006; revised 13 October 2006; accepted 6 November 2006. Available online 28 December 2006.
Allan Kalamir BSc, MChiro, MSc(Hons)(Cand), a, , Henry Pollard BSc, GradDC, MSport Sc, PhDa, Andrew L. Vitiello BSc(Anat), MChiro, PhD(Cand)a and Rod Bonello BSc, DC, DO, MHA, FICCa
Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies
Volume 11, Issue 3, July 2007,
ScienceDirect

Copyright © 2006 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved.

aMacquarie Injury Management Group, Department of Health & Chiropractic, Macquarie University NSW 2109, Australia

Summary

Objective

To examine the phenomenon of bruxism and assess the current state of the literature regarding its role in temporomandibular disorder (TMD).

Data sources

A review of the literature contained in the CINAHL; Pubmed; COCHRANE; MANTIS and MEDLINE (ovid) database searches as well as hand searches was conducted between September 2005 and March 2006.

Study selection

Studies using the keywords bruxism, temporomandibular, jaw, randomised controlled trial, survey, epidemiological, longitudinal, were screened. Uncontrolled studies, case studies, case series and reviews were ignored. A total of 172 studies were identified and compared in terms of their definition of bruxism, TMD, and conclusions regarding the role of bruxism.

Conclusion

The majority of studies found a relationship between bruxism and TMD. However, inconsistency and equivocation of different parafunctional activities are common within the literature. The subject is further complicated by the lack of a universally accepted definition of both TMD and bruxism and an additional failure to standardise investigative variables such as frequency, duration and intensity of episodes. The role of bruxism as it is currently described can therefore be considered a controversial and unresolved issue. The authors suggest that the term bruxism be abandoned in favour of a set of diagnostically more appropriate descriptors.

Keywords: Temporomandibular; Bruxism; Biopsychosocial; Thegosis; Grinding; Clenching; Parafunction

Corresponding author. C/-: 249 Edensor Road, Edensor Park NSW 2176, Australia.

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