Rigid augmentation by autologous PRP and dental implants

Rigid augmentation by autologous PRP and dental implants
T. YAMAGUCHI, T. SAKAKI, H. TAMURA, M. TSUNOKUMA, Y. TAJIME, T. FUJII, J. YAMASHITA, M. KIMURA, and K. KAKUDO, Osaka Dental University, Japan
March 2004
Clinical Implant Studies
Purpose: Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) is an autologous source of platelet-derived growth factor. Previous studies have focused on the use of PRP in bone graft material, and have shown that it leads to earlier bone regeneration, soft tissue healing, and significantly faster development of mature bone. Here, we show that a resorbed maxillary alveolar ridge may be improved using implants of PRP and bone as grafting materials. Materials and Methods: We augmented the atrophic maxilla using a mixture of autologous PRP and bone, and then placed implants at the graft area. An oval window osteotomy was performed and sinus elevated at the superior aspect was eliminated. The donor bone was harvested from the mandibular symphysis, ground and mixed with PRP. The maxillary sinus floor was then filled with this mixture in 3 cases and an implant was used at the same time in 2 cases. Postoperative follow-up was conducted using radiography and computed tomography (CT) scanning. Results: The CT scan images showed a further increase in the impermeable area after 60 days. At this time implants were placed at the grafted area using the osteotome technique in 2 cases. The grafted area was type IV bone quality. However, initial osseostability was obtained using the osteotome technique, and 180 days afterwards the grafted area had connected to abutments and a prosthetic reconstruction. Conclusion: The use of the PRP mixture in surgery is limited to the oral cavity. Consequently, the PRP mixture prepared with autologous PRP and bone is nontoxic and does not cause an immune response. Hence, it is concluded that this approach is useful for residual ridge improvement.