Peri-implant care with the CO2 laser: In vitro and in vivo results

Peri-implant care with the CO2 laser: In vitro and in vivo results
May 2005
Herbert Deppe, a, Hans-Henning Horch, a, Helmut Greim, b, Thomas Brill, c, Stefan Wagenpfeil d, and Karl Donath e
Medical Laser Application, Volume 20, Issue 1, 31 May 2005, Pages 61-70
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Background: Numerous applications for dental lasers have been proposed for both clinical use and experimental purposes. A new indication might be the sterilization of exposed implant surfaces in order to rehabilitate ailing implants. The purposes of this study were to assess CO2 laser parameters for the decontamination process in vitro and to evaluate the method in vivo.
Methods: In vitro, temperature changes at the boneÇƒÏtitanium implant interface were recorded during use of a CO2 laser-scanning system (Swiftlase¨?) and the effects of laser irradiation on titanium implants were examined. In vivo, in 6 beagle dogs, a total of 60 implants and bony defects were treated either conventionally by air-powder-abrasive or by laser irradiation or in combination to evaluate if reosseointegration can occur. In 16 patients (41 ailing implants), the reliability of the CO2 laser-assisted vs. conventional decontamination was tested.
Results: Depending on the parameters chosen, melting and other surface alterations could be seen in vitro. In continuous wave mode, mean power output of 2.5 W for a maximum of 10 s is suitable for the decontamination process. In the beagle dog model, histologic examination revealed new direct bone-to-implant contact following laser-assisted therapy. The clinical study showed 4 months after therapy that laser-decontaminated implants and soft tissue resection resulted in statistically significant better radiographic parameters than conventional decontamination plus soft tissue resection.
Conclusions: From these results it was concluded that treatment of peri-implantitis can be optimized using CO2 laser-assisted implant decontamination. Nevertheless, further studies are required in this field.
aDepartment of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, University of Technology, Ismaninger Stra?¸e 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
bDepartment of Toxicology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, University of Technology, Munich, Germany
cDepartment of Experimental Oncology and Therapy-Research, Klinikum rechts der Isar, University of Technology, Munich, Germany
dDepartment of Statistics in Medicine and Epidemiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, University of Technology, Munich, Germany
eR??dinghausen, Germany
doi:10.1016/j.mla.2005.02.002
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