Multicenter Retrospective Study of Implants Loaded with Functional Prostheses 8 Weeks After Insertion

Multicenter Retrospective Study of Implants Loaded with Functional Prostheses 8 Weeks After Insertion
March 2005
Fradera, Alejandro Padr??s PhD*; Roig, Esteban Padull?©s PhDÇƒÜ; Sesma, Jos?© Maria Arano PhDÇƒ?; Mayand??a, Norbert Manzanares PhDÇƒÜ; Alvarez, Rosario Canedo PhD¨?; Amell, Xavier Amell PhD*; Roma, Enric Pedemonte PhD*; Gil Mur, F Javier PhD
Implant Dentistry
Abstract TOP
A multicenter retrospective statistical study was carried out to evaluate whether functional prosthetic loading of an implant 8 weeks after surgical insertion is acceptable clinically. Based on studies in vitro, which confirm that the fastest and best quality bone healing occurs around implants with surface treatment specifically after sanding with Al2O3 and subsequent passivity, this knowledge was applied to clinics. Four hundred and fifteen implants were inserted in 128 patients regardless of the pathology they presented and the quantity or quality of the area of the bone to be treated. Thus, all patients were included in the study independent of their physiological and pathological characteristics. The area of implant insertion, the type of prosthesis used, and the rate of success or survival of implants with bone resorption or mucositis were evaluated. With respect to the total number of implants loaded at 8 weeks, the rate of success for completely successful implants was 95.38%, and the rate of success of both partially and completely successful implants was 99.75%. Functional prosthetic loading at 8 weeks is an appropriate procedure, providing that technology of the implant surface guarantees, once the time has passed, that the osteointegration is achieved and capable of holding loading.
Immediate loading is a therapeutic possibility as an alternative for patients with implants who wish to recover their appearance and function in a shorter amount of time than that usually proposed by conventional canons of implantology. Bone physiopathology allows, in some conditions, the prosthodontic loading of implants less than 24 hours after their surgical insertions. However, bone immediate loading is still considered a treatment with some risk, although in some conditions, according to the kind of bone1 and the anatomical area (mandibular symphysis) involved,2 it is described as having a high rate of success.
Studies carried out with dogs show that the bone/implant contact varies between implants loaded immediately and those loaded in a classic manner, with higher contacts observed in implants loaded immediately.3 The evolution of implantology (i.e., materials and treatment of implant surfaces)4-7 and the knowledge of bone behavior before the introduction of an implant allows us to carry out these treatments with higher rates of success and predictability in humans.
Surface treatments of implants via sanding with particles from different sources and treatments with acids have revolutionized the healing of the bone around implants and opened new research into reducing the waiting time of prosthetic loading and increasing the rate of success compared with smooth implants. It is known that the organism response, in reaction to morphological and chemical characteristics of the implant surface, changes to obtain (in some cases) a faster or deeper healing and maturation of the bone around the implant.8 Implant surface treatments achieve several objectives: 1) obtaining a rough surface that facilitates the stability of a blood clot, b) increasing the surface area of contact between the bone and the implant, and c) creating a surface that will be compatible chemically with the osteogenic cells.
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