Interactions between chronic renal disease and periodontal disease

Interactions between chronic renal disease and periodontal disease
Issue online:
18 Dec 2007
Received 15 September 2006; revised 12 December 2006; accepted 20 January 2007
To cite this article: RG Craig (2008)
Interactions between chronic renal disease and periodontal disease
Oral Diseases 14 (1), 1Ò7.
doi:10.1111/j.1601-0825.2007.01430.x
Blackwell Synergy

RG Craig

Department of Basic Sciences and Craniofacial Biology and Department of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA

Dr RG Craig, Department of Basic Sciences and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, 345 East 24th Street, Mail Code 9436, New York, NY 10010, USA. Tel: 212 998 9563, Fax: 212 995 4087, E-mail: rgc1@nyu.edu

Oral Diseases (2008) 14, 1Ò7

Abstract
The incidence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is increasing and patients receiving renal replacement therapy including hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis or renal transplantation will comprise an enlarging segment of the dental patient population. Renal replacement therapy can affect periodontal tissues including gingival hyperplasia in immune suppressed renal transplantation patients and increased levels of plaque, calculus and gingival inflammation and possible increased prevalence and severity of destructive periodontal diseases in ESRD patients on dialysis maintenance therapy. Also, the presence of undiagnosed periodontitis may have significant effects on the medical management of the ESRD patient. Periodontitis has been found to contribute to systemic inflammatory burden including the elevation of C-reactive protein (CRP) in the general population. Atherosclerotic complications including myocardial infarction and stroke are the primary causes of mortality in the ESRD population and, in contrast to that of the general population, the best predictor of all cause and cardiac death in this population is CRP. Consequently, periodontitis may be a covert but treatable source of systemic inflammation in the ESRD population. The objective of this review was to explore the interaction between chronic renal disease, renal replacement therapy and periodontal diseases based upon the results of studies published within the last decade.

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