Identification of Biochemical Markers of Bone Metabolism in Tooth and Dental Implant Gingival Crevicular Fluid

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Identification of Biochemical Markers of Bone Metabolism in Tooth and Dental Implant Gingival Crevicular Fluid
H. BURNS, S. RAMIREZ, J.D. JONES, and T.W. OATES, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, USA
2003
IADR
Biochemical markers isolated from gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) collected around dental implants have the potential to provide an assessment of local bone metabolism. Bone resorptive markers have been previously identified in GCF from around implants. To gain a more complete understanding of bone metabolism associated with dental implant osseointegration and long-term stability, it is critical to assess markers of bone formation. Objectives: Our aim was to assess GCF from both teeth and dental implants for the presence of osteocalcin (OC), as a marker of bone formation, and pyridinoline (PYD; resorptive marker); and to compare the levels of these markers from teeth and implant GCF.
Methods: Samples of GCF were collected from four sites around two teeth and two implants (in 14 dentate patients) or from four implants (in 7 edentulous patients). GCF volume was determined by weight. Samples were pooled for each patient relative to implants and teeth. Following sample elution, OC and PYD were quantified using competitive enzyme immunoassays.
Results: OC and PYD were identified in GCF from both teeth and implants. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in the levels obtained between the teeth (OC: 2.16 ¨± 0.94 ng/ml; PYD: 0.65 ¨± 0.43 ng/ml) and implants (OC: 2.17 ¨± 1.11 ng/ml; PYD: 0.51 ¨± 0.44 ng/ml) for either marker. Correlations of the markers between the teeth and implants were weak. Likewise there were no significant correlations between the levels of osteocalcin and pyridinoline.
Conclusions: These results demonstrate for the first time that osteocalcin, along with pyridinoline, may be identified in GCF samples collected from around dental implants, and may serve to evaluate implant-related bone metabolism. In addition, the lack of correlation between these two markers in this implant maintenance population is consistent with a stable implant situation, supporting further investigation of potential modifiers.