Biomechanical Evaluation of a Wide Diameter Bicon Dental Implant in VariousBone Conditions

Biomechanical Evaluation of a Wide Diameter Bicon Dental Implant in VariousBone Conditions
Din??er Bozkaya, Sinan M??ft??, Ph.D.
Northeastern University
ABSTRACT
An association between higher implant failure rates and regions of poor bone density,commonly found in the posterior maxilla and mandible, has been reported in theliterature. Moreover, implant placement in posterior regions is often limited by anatomicchanges due to edentulism, where implant design alteration may be an alternative fortreatment planning. In this regard, using a short implant with a large diameter inanatomically compromised regions may provide further increase in implant stability andlong-term clinical success. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biomechanicalresponse of the bone for a wide and short implant, (WSI) (6 mm in diameter ?Û 5.7 mm inlength) versus a narrow and long implant (NLI) (3.5 mm ?Û 11 mm) in various bonedensities through finite element analyses (FEA). Both implants are using Bicon Morse-taper and made of Ti-6AL-4V. The implants and their respective bone domains weregraphically designed through 3-D CAD software. After mesh refinement, differentcortical to trabecular ratios and elastic moduli were assigned to the bone domain'selements to reproduce various bone conditions (Types II-IV). Vertical and horizontalloads were applied to the top of the Morse-taper connected abutments of the twoimplants. Implant and bone stress and strain states were evaluated numerically foranalysis. The results showed that the implants presented comparable strain distributionsunder vertical loads and that the WSI presented lower strain values when the horizontalload was considered. The stress invariant values were also lower for the WSI implant.Increased stress and strain values were found at lower bone densities, where these valueswere higher for the NLI in most cases. According to the results obtained by thiscomputer-based analysis, it can be concluded that the WSI implant presented anoverall better biomechanical force distribution than the NLI when horizontal forces wereapplied for the different bone densities analyzed and may be considered for implantationof anatomically compromised regions and regions of poor bone quality.