An Investigation of Peri-implant Tissue Status of Dental Implants

An Investigation of Peri-implant Tissue Status of Dental Implants
N. YUNUS, and T.B. TAIYEB-ALI, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
2005
IADR
Objectives: To compare periimplant tissue status at the time of prosthesis placement and subsequent intervals around implants supporting fixed and removable prostheses. Methods: One year longitudinal study was conducted on implant patients treated with various prostheses; implant-retained overdentures, implant-supported bridges and single crowns. There were 47 implants (Mark II, Branemark system, Nobel Biocare) placed in 12 patients (5 in the maxilla, 9 in the mandible). 8 arches were treated with fixed and 6 with removable prostheses. Baseline measurements were obtained during prosthesis insertion and follow-up examinations were at 3, 6 and 12 months intervals. Evaluations of plaque scores (PS), bleeding on probing scores (BOP), periodontal pocket depths (PPD), and recession as well as radiographs were conducted. Bone changes were determined from the radiograph by one examiner using predetermined fixed reference points. Data was analyzed using SPSS 11.0. Results: Soft tissue changes were higher at 3 months interval. Statistically significant differences in PS (p<0.01) and recession (p<0.05) around implants at all time intervals were noted, although BOP and PPD showed no significant differences. Comparisons around implants in the upper and lower arches indicated that the mean PS presented significant differences (p<0.01), while that of implants supporting fixed and removable prostheses showed PS and recession were significantly different (p<0.001 and p<0.05) but PPD approached significant difference (p=0.05). Hard tissue evaluation at baseline, 6 months and 12 months indicated increasing bone loss over the 12 months interval, which however was not significant at all time intervals. Bone loss was however significantly greater at implants supporting removable prostheses (p<0.001) and in the maxilla (p<0.001). Conclusions: PS and recession at the implant sites showed significant differences during the one year evaluation. Alveolar bone resorption around implants in the maxilla and supporting removable prostheses was significantly higher at all time intervals (Vote F Funding, University Malaya).